Marine fuel mainly includes the following categories:Heavy Fuel Oil, HFO）：This is the most common marine fuel, usually used in the main engines of large ships. It has a high viscosity and may also have a high sulfur content (depending on the specific fuel type and environmental standards). Heavy fuel oil is made by processing the remaining part of the crude oil distillation process.Marine Diesel Oil, MDO or Marine Gas Oil, MGO）：This type of fuel is commonly used in auxiliary engines of ships (such as generators and boilers) and main engines of small ships. It has low sulfur content and viscosity, making it easy to handle and burn.Marine Diesel Oil, MDO）：Marine diesel is a type of low sulfur diesel that has specifications similar to onshore diesel, but may contain more additives to meet the specific requirements of marine engines.Low Sulfur Fuel Oil, LSFO）：With the increasingly strict restrictions on sulfur emissions by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the use of low sulfur fuel oil is becoming more common. This type of fuel has a low sulfur content and is typically a heavy fuel oil treated through desulfurization technology.Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil, VLSFO）：In order to meet stricter sulfur emission restrictions, ships have started using extremely low sulfur fuel oil. This type of fuel has extremely low sulfur content and is usually made by deep desulfurization treatment or blending with light fuel.Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), LNG）：Liquefied natural gas is a clean alternative fuel used in certain ships to reduce emissions of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. LNG, as a marine fuel, has significant advantages in environmental protection.Methanol:Methanol as a potential marine fuel, is receiving attention as it can serve as a clean alternative energy source with lower emissions and carbon footprint.The selection of marine fuel depends on factors such as the type, size, engine type, and environmental regulations of the vessel. Ship operators need to select appropriate marine fuel based on these factors and cost-benefit analysis.
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When refueling a ship, the following precautions should be taken:1. Confirm the type of fuel: Firstly, it is necessary to confirm the type of fuel that needs to be added, as different types of fuel have different filling standards and equipment requirements. Choosing the wrong type of fuel may cause unnecessary damage to ship equipment or lead to safety accidents.2. Choose the appropriate refueling equipment: Select the corresponding refueling equipment based on the type of fuel being refueled. The selected equipment should have accurate metering function and will not affect the quality of fuel load.3. Notify the driver: During refueling, the driver should be notified to hang a "B" flag or turn on a red light to warn the nearby ship to pay attention, and inform the first mate of the amount of fuel to be added and the location of the refueling compartment.4. Check valves and pipelines: Before refueling, it is necessary to confirm that the valve at the refueling inlet is open and the pipeline is unobstructed. At the beginning, small flow should be used, and after confirming safety, gradually increase until it remains stable.5. Observation of refueling situation: During the refueling process, it is necessary to observe whether there are any signs of dripping at the flange interface of the refueling pipe, whether there is gas spraying from the ventilation pipe of the oil tank, as well as the condition of the cable between the oil tanker and the ship and the weather conditions such as wind, waves, and sea.6. Attention to safety: If encountering severe weather such as increased wind and waves or thunderstorms during the process, work should be stopped immediately to ensure safety.7. Control refueling volume: The amount of refueling should not exceed 85% of the total volume of the oil tank, and the amount of refueling should be accurately controlled based on the density and temperature of the fuel.8. Check fuel quality: Before refueling, check whether the viscosity, density, and sulfur content of the fuel meet the requirements. Do not sign a notice or oil sample bottle label before refueling is completed.9. Measurement and recording: Before and after refueling, the air height, mold depth, and temperature data of all oil tanks should be measured and recorded for comparison and inspection.10. Personnel arrangement: Sufficient refueling personnel should be equipped and ensure that they are familiar with the location of the air pipes, overflow pipes, overflow tanks, and sounding pipes of the refueling system, as well as the detailed process of the refueling plan.In short, the ship needs to strictly follow the operating procedures when refueling to ensure the safety and smoothness of the refueling process.
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There are significant differences between marine fuel and conventional fuel in multiple aspects:1. Chemical composition: Marine fuel is mainly composed of heavy hydrocarbons, including hydrocarbons, high molecular chain alkanes, and high boiling compounds. The exhaust gas produced by its combustion contains certain sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. However, regular fuel includes various types, such as gasoline, diesel, and heavy oil, and its chemical composition is relatively less homogeneous than that of marine fuel.2. Usage: Marine fuel is the main source of ship power, used in the power system of ships, including main and auxiliary engines. Ordinary fuel is widely used in the power systems of various mechanical equipment, such as automobiles, generator sets, etc.3. Supply mechanism: Marine fuel is generally provided by shipping companies, trading companies, and other institutions, and is usually transported to ships through pipelines at specialized supply stations or terminals. In contrast, regular fuel can be supplied at gas stations and other places.In addition, marine fuel also has some special properties, such as a relatively high alkaline value, to neutralize the acidic substances generated after fuel combustion; Good water resistance, as ships may encounter water pollution while sailing at sea. These characteristics are not possessed by ordinary fuel.Overall, there are significant differences between marine fuel and conventional fuel in terms of chemical composition, usage, supply methods, and some special properties. These differences enable the two types of fuel to meet the different needs of ships and general mechanical equipment, respectively.
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There are several main categories of fuel:1. Gasoline: This is the most common type of fuel, suitable for most cars and light trucks. The classification of gasoline is based on its octane number, such as 90 #, 97 #, etc. The higher the octane number, the better the anti knock performance, and the more favorable it is for the engine.2. Diesel: Diesel is the type of fuel used in diesel engines, which has higher combustion efficiency and therefore better fuel economy. The classification of diesel is based on its freezing point, for example, 0 # diesel indicates that when the temperature is below 0 degrees Celsius, it may condense into a solid.3. Aviation kerosene: This is a fuel specifically used for aircraft, and its characteristics and requirements are different from ordinary gasoline and diesel.4. Biodiesel: This is a renewable and environmentally friendly alternative to diesel, made from vegetable oil or animal fat through specific chemical reactions.5. Natural gas: In recent years, natural gas has gradually become the fuel choice for motor vehicles, mainly divided into two types: compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG). Compared to traditional fuels, natural gas combustion produces lower exhaust emissions and causes less environmental pollution.6. Hydrogen fuel: Hydrogen fuel vehicles use hydrogen as energy and convert hydrogen into electrical energy through fuel cells to drive the vehicle. At present, this type of car is still in the development stage.7. Ethanol gasoline: This fuel is a mixture of gasoline and bioethanol, mainly used in Brazil and some parts of the United States to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower exhaust emissions.8. Hybrid oil: Hybrid vehicles use a combination of multiple fuels, such as gasoline electric hybrid vehicles and diesel electric hybrid vehicles. This type of vehicle can reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions while ensuring performance.In addition, there are some other types of fuel, such as heavy oil, kerosene, etc., but their application range is relatively narrow. When selecting fuel, it is necessary to choose according to the specific vehicle type and usage environment.
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Marine fuel mainly includes the following categories:Heavy Fuel Oil, HFO）：This is the most common marine fuel, usually used in the main engines of large ships. It has a high viscosity and may also have a high sulfur content (depending on the specific fuel type and environmental standards). Heavy fuel oil is made by processing the remaining part of the crude oil distillation process.Marine Diesel Oil, MDO or Marine Gas Oil, MGO）：This type of fuel is commonly used in auxiliary engines of ships (such as generators and boilers) and main engines of small ships. It has low sulfur content and viscosity, making it easy to handle and burn.Marine Diesel Oil, MDO）：Marine diesel is a type of low sulfur diesel that has specifications similar to onshore diesel, but may contain more additives to meet the specific requirements of marine engines.Low Sulfur Fuel Oil, LSFO）：With the increasingly strict restrictions on sulfur emissions by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the use of low sulfur fuel oil is becoming more common. This type of fuel has a low sulfur content and is typically a heavy fuel oil treated through desulfurization technology.Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil, VLSFO）：In order to meet stricter sulfur emission restrictions, ships have started using extremely low sulfur fuel oil. This type of fuel has extremely low sulfur content and is usually made by deep desulfurization treatment or blending with light fuel.Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), LNG）：Liquefied natural gas is a clean alternative fuel used in certain ships to reduce emissions of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. LNG, as a marine fuel, has significant advantages in environmental protection.Methanol:Methanol as a potential marine fuel, is receiving attention as it can serve as a clean alternative energy source with lower emissions and carbon footprint.The selection of marine fuel depends on factors such as the type, size, engine type, and environmental regulations of the vessel. Ship operators need to select appropriate marine fuel based on these factors and cost-benefit analysis.
05-24Knowledge
When refueling a ship, the following precautions should be taken:1. Confirm the type of fuel: Firstly, it is necessary to confirm the type of fuel that needs to be added, as different types of fuel have different filling standards and equipment requirements. Choosing the wrong type of fuel may cause unnecessary damage to ship equipment or lead to safety accidents.2. Choose the appropriate refueling equipment: Select the corresponding refueling equipment based on the type of fuel being refueled. The selected equipment should have accurate metering function and will not affect the quality of fuel load.3. Notify the driver: During refueling, the driver should be notified to hang a "B" flag or turn on a red light to warn the nearby ship to pay attention, and inform the first mate of the amount of fuel to be added and the location of the refueling compartment.4. Check valves and pipelines: Before refueling, it is necessary to confirm that the valve at the refueling inlet is open and the pipeline is unobstructed. At the beginning, small flow should be used, and after confirming safety, gradually increase until it remains stable.5. Observation of refueling situation: During the refueling process, it is necessary to observe whether there are any signs of dripping at the flange interface of the refueling pipe, whether there is gas spraying from the ventilation pipe of the oil tank, as well as the condition of the cable between the oil tanker and the ship and the weather conditions such as wind, waves, and sea.6. Attention to safety: If encountering severe weather such as increased wind and waves or thunderstorms during the process, work should be stopped immediately to ensure safety.7. Control refueling volume: The amount of refueling should not exceed 85% of the total volume of the oil tank, and the amount of refueling should be accurately controlled based on the density and temperature of the fuel.8. Check fuel quality: Before refueling, check whether the viscosity, density, and sulfur content of the fuel meet the requirements. Do not sign a notice or oil sample bottle label before refueling is completed.9. Measurement and recording: Before and after refueling, the air height, mold depth, and temperature data of all oil tanks should be measured and recorded for comparison and inspection.10. Personnel arrangement: Sufficient refueling personnel should be equipped and ensure that they are familiar with the location of the air pipes, overflow pipes, overflow tanks, and sounding pipes of the refueling system, as well as the detailed process of the refueling plan.In short, the ship needs to strictly follow the operating procedures when refueling to ensure the safety and smoothness of the refueling process.
05-24Knowledge
There are significant differences between marine fuel and conventional fuel in multiple aspects:1. Chemical composition: Marine fuel is mainly composed of heavy hydrocarbons, including hydrocarbons, high molecular chain alkanes, and high boiling compounds. The exhaust gas produced by its combustion contains certain sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. However, regular fuel includes various types, such as gasoline, diesel, and heavy oil, and its chemical composition is relatively less homogeneous than that of marine fuel.2. Usage: Marine fuel is the main source of ship power, used in the power system of ships, including main and auxiliary engines. Ordinary fuel is widely used in the power systems of various mechanical equipment, such as automobiles, generator sets, etc.3. Supply mechanism: Marine fuel is generally provided by shipping companies, trading companies, and other institutions, and is usually transported to ships through pipelines at specialized supply stations or terminals. In contrast, regular fuel can be supplied at gas stations and other places.In addition, marine fuel also has some special properties, such as a relatively high alkaline value, to neutralize the acidic substances generated after fuel combustion; Good water resistance, as ships may encounter water pollution while sailing at sea. These characteristics are not possessed by ordinary fuel.Overall, there are significant differences between marine fuel and conventional fuel in terms of chemical composition, usage, supply methods, and some special properties. These differences enable the two types of fuel to meet the different needs of ships and general mechanical equipment, respectively.
05-24Knowledge
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